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Predigerkirche Zürich
Predigerkirche is one of the four main churches of the old town of Zürich, Switzerland, besides Fraumünster, Grossmünster and St. Peter. First built in 1231 AD as a Romanesque church of the then Dominican ''Predigerkloster'', the Basilica was converted in the first half of the 14th century, the choir between 1308 and 1350 rebuilt, and an for that time unusual high bell tower was built, regarded as most high Gothic edifice in Zürich.〔
== History ==
(詳細は''Neumarkt'' quarter, the commonly named ''Predigerkirche'' was mentioned for the first time in 1234 AD as the Predigerkloster monastery of the Dominican Order. The first Dominican monks settled, according to the chronicler Heinrich Brennwald, outside of the city walls of medieval Zürich at Stadelhofen in 1230, and the construction of a new convent in Zürich was first mentioned in 1231.〔 Initially, against the resistance of the Grossmünster canons, the Dominican's inclusion in Zürich was granted in 1233/1235, '' because they tirelessly drove the little foxes in the vineyard of the Lord''. The monastery consisted of a Romanesque church at the same place as today, and the monastic buildings built around the adjointed cloister to its west. In 1254 the establishment of a cemetery at ''Zähringerstrasse'' was allowed to the so-called "prayer" (used for Dominican monks, the 'blackfriars') abbey, and repealed in 1843. The order purchased 28 houses in the 13th and early 14th century, and was in close connection to the city nobility and landed gentry in Zürich and the surrounding area, among them the ''Bilgeri'' family (Grimmenturm) and the House of Rapperswil, where they received after their expulsion to 1348 asylum in Rapperswil. Memorial measurements had to be held until the 14th century at Grossmünster, because thus the most income was achieved. Until the Reformation in Zürich, all income obtained with the funerals had also to be delivered to the Grossmünster abbey. Within the city, as the other "mendicant" orders, the Dominicans have been reduced to the function of area pastors.
The convent was abolished on 3 December 1524, the worship in the church was discontinued, and the buildings and income of the monastery were assigned to the ''Heilig-Geist-Spital'', then an institution of the city of Zürich. The pastor of the "preachers" was initially subordinated to the parish of the Grossmünster, in 1571 raised to the rank of a Grossmünster Canon Regular, and in 1575 he was allowed to share the ''Lord's Supper'' according to the Reformed lithurgy, the so-called ''Abendmahlsgottesdienst''. In 1614 the church was raised to a separate parish for the Neumarkt and Niederdorf districts within the city, as well as the then independent municipalities of Oberstrass and Unterstrass–Fluntern were assigned to the parish. The French revolutionary troops allowed again the Catholic worship, but after only two years, the parish was reverted into a Reformed church on 17 October 1801.〔 The church is since 1897 property of the ''Kirchgemeinde Predigern'' parish. In the 1960s it has been renovated, and re-opened in 1967. As of today ''Petern'' is used as the "open town church with Ecumenical profile", in fact built as a parish church, but as a place of encounter and of the church community from the inner city, as well as of the suburban region.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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